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Tuesday, November 19, 2013

BCA 08 Multimedia - BCASPOT ASSIGNMENT (CY-2013 AY 2013-2014)

TAMIL NADU OPEN UNIVERSITY
School of Computer Science
SPOT ASSIGNMENT (CY-2013/AY 2012-2013)
NOTE : Part A Contains 3 Questions and will carry 5 Marks each, Part B Contain 1 Question and will carry 10 Marks. Students are requested to write 150 words and should not exceed 2 pages each  in Part A, 300 words and should not exceed 4 pages in Part B.   Referring Materials.
Bachelor of Computer Applications
Second Year
Course Code : BCA-08
Course Title : Multimedia
(Total Marks=25)

Part- A- Short Answer Questions
Answer all questions :                                                                 (3 X 5 = 15 Marks)
1)    Describe the video application
Answer:
The first group is well established. Training applications based on interactive videodisk have incorporated analogue video sequences as a standard technique. Public information system also incorporated video clips, often as a way of attracting the attention of the user. The use of digital video in networked systems is still restricted by the technical problems of transferring large volumes of time dependent data. Possible applications include the use of servers to hold libraries of video clips

Audiovisual communications may be one-to-one, as for example in a meeting between two people, each of whom has a videophone or video cameras mounted on a personal computer. Compared to conventional videoconferencing equipment, these personal video systems seem rather limited. The combination of a small image (a window on a 14-inch monitor), low resolution and a relatively slow frame rate means that current products are unlikely to satisfy users' requirements for lengthy face-to-face 'meetings' such as recruitment interviews where eye contact and body language are important. They could, however, be successfully used in situations where the discussion involves other forms of interaction. For example, a sales director might wish to contact sales executives in different cities. Each executive could display the latest forecasts on the computer, using a shared workspace. The quality of the video links is of secondary importance in this case.


2)   Explain Interpersonal applications used in Multimedia
Answer:
INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS:
Interpersonal communications may involve speech,image, text, or video. In some cases just a single type of medium is involved while in others two or more media types are integrated together.
Speech only:
Traditionally, interpersonal communications involving speech telephony have been provided using telephones that are connected either to a public switched telephone network Alternatively, by using a multimedia PC equipped with a microphone and speakers, the user can take part in telephone calls through the PC.




Image only:
An alternative form of interpersonal communications over a PSTN or an ISND is by the exchange of electronic images of documents. This type of service is known as facsimile — or simply fax. The two-fax machines communicate with each other to establish operational parameters after which the sending machine starts to scan and digitize each page of the document in turn.
Text only:
An example of interpersonal communications involving just text is electronic mail (email). The user terminal is normally
a PC, or a workstation the most widespread network used is the Internet.
Text and images:
An example of an application that involves both text and images integrated together is computer-supported cooperative working (CSCW). The network used is an enterprise network, a LAN, or the Internet and the general scheme.
Speech and video:
An example application that uses speech and video integrated together is video telephony, which is now supported by all the network types.




3)   Explain the architecture for Network based multimedia services
Answer:
ARCHITECTURE FOR NETWORK BASED MULTIMEDIA
 Voice and video application deployments are booming. Organizations reporting the most success with their voice and multimedia deployments possess two key characteristics: They put sufficient resources into up-front network design, and they pay careful attention to building monitoring and management capabilities that enable them to proactively predict problem areas,
Two applications that characterize multimedia networks are VoIP and video. Each requires particular consideration when designing networks. Delivering a high level of voice quality in a VoIP world depends mainly on three factors: latency, jitter and echo. Meeting all of these challenges requires a network infrastructure that can reliably deliver multimedia packets with a minimal amount of delay.
Video conferencing:
Video conferencing presents an even larger challenge. Not only do you have to ensure that latency and jitter concerns are met, but video bandwidth requirements range from 128 Kbps, for simple desktop conferencing, up to 6 Mbps per screen for immersive telepresence. A three-screen, two-room telepresence session could require up to 18 Mbps of available bandwidth per location. further complicating network architecture plans because of the lack of predictability of bandwidth requirements and traffic flows.
One-way video is more forgiving, since the impact of jitter and latency can be masked by buffering at the receiving end. Still, even streaming or surveillance video can require large amounts of bandwidth, depending on desired quality.
Supporting video :
Fortunately, a number of technologies and architectural approaches exist to enable network managers to support video and VoIP on both the WAN and the LAN.


Part- B- Long Answer Question
Answer the following question                                               (1 X 10 = 10 Marks)
     1)  Explain the Basic Software tools used in Multimedia.
BASIC SOFTWARE TOOLS :

A word processor is _usually the first software tool computer users learn. From letters, invoices and storyboards to project content, the word processor may also be our most often used tools, as you design and build a multimedia project. The better our keyboarding or typing skills, the easier and more efficient will be your multimedia day-to-day life.Typically,

Text Editing and Word Processing Tools:
Word processors such as Microsoft Word and Word Perfect are powerful applications that include spell checkers, table formatters, thesauruses and pre built templates for letters,resumes, purchase orders and other common documents. In many word processors, you can actually embed multimedia elements such as sounds, images and video.

OCR Software:
Often you will have printed matter and other text to incorporate into your project, but no electronic text file. With optical character recognition (OCR) software, a flat-bed scanner and your computer, you can save many hours of re keying printed words and get the job done faster and more accurate than the roomful of typists.

Painting and Drawing Tools:
Painting and drawing tools, as well as 3-D modelers, are perhaps the most important items in your toolkit because, of all multimedia elements, the graphical impact of your project will likely have the greatest influence on the end user. If your artwork is amateurish or flat and uninteresting, both you and your users will be disappointed. Painting software such as Photoshop, fireworks and painter is dedicated to producing crafted bitmap images.



3-D Modeling and Animation Tools:
3-D modeling software has increasingly entered the mainstream of graphic design as its ease of use improves. As a result, the graphic production values and expectations for multimedia project have risen. With 3-D modeling software, object rendered in perspective appear more realistic.

Image-Editing Tools:
Image-editing applications are specialized and powerful tools for enhancing and retouching existing bitmapped images. These applications also provide many of the features and tools of painting and drawing programs and can be used to create images from scratch as well as images digitized from scanners, video frame-grabbers, digital cameras, clip art files, or original artwork files created with painting or drawing packages.

Sound Editing Tools:
Sound editing tools for both digitized and MIDI sound let you see music as well as hear it. By drawing a presentation of a sound in fine increments, whether a score or a waveform.

Animation, Video and Digital Movie Tools:
Animations and digital video movies are sequences of bitmapped graphic scenes (frames), rapidly played back. But animations can also be made within the authoring system by rapidly changing the location of objects or sprites to generate an appearance of motion.

Helpful accessories:
No multimedia toolkit is complete without a few indispensable utilities to perform some odd, but oft-repeated, tasks. These are the comfortable and well-worn accessories that make your computer life easier. On both the Macintosh and in Windows, a screen-grabber is essential. Because bitmapped images are so common in multimedia, it is important to have a tool for grabbing system or copy it into an image-editing application.

                                                                                                              

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