School
of Computer Science
SPOT
ASSIGNMENT (CY-2013/AY 2012-2013)
NOTE : Part A Contains 3 Questions and will
carry 5 Marks each, Part B Contain 1 Question and will carry 10 Marks. Students
are requested to write 150 words and should not exceed 2 pages each in Part A, 300 words and should not exceed 4
pages in Part B. Referring Materials.
Bachelor
of Computer Applications
Second Year
Course
Code : BCA-08
Course
Title : Multimedia
(Total Marks=25)
Part-
A- Short Answer Questions
Answer all questions : (3 X 5 = 15 Marks)
1)
Describe the video
application
Answer:
The first group is well established.
Training applications based on interactive
videodisk have incorporated analogue video sequences as a standard technique.
Public information system also incorporated video clips, often as a way of
attracting the attention of the user. The use of digital video in networked
systems is still restricted by the technical problems of transferring large
volumes of time dependent data. Possible applications include the use of
servers to hold libraries of video clips
Audiovisual
communications may be one-to-one, as for example in a meeting between two
people, each of whom has a videophone or video cameras mounted on a personal
computer. Compared to conventional videoconferencing equipment, these personal
video systems seem rather limited. The combination of a small image (a window
on a 14-inch monitor), low resolution and a relatively slow frame rate means
that current products are unlikely to satisfy users' requirements for lengthy
face-to-face 'meetings' such as recruitment interviews where eye contact and
body language are important. They could, however, be successfully used in
situations where the discussion involves other forms of interaction. For
example, a sales director might wish to contact sales executives in different
cities. Each executive could display the latest forecasts on the computer,
using a shared workspace. The quality of the video links is of secondary
importance in this case.
2)
Explain Interpersonal applications used in
Multimedia
Answer:
INTERPERSONAL
COMMUNICATIONS:
Interpersonal
communications may involve speech,image, text, or video. In some cases just a
single type of medium is involved while in others two or more media types are
integrated together.
Speech only:
Traditionally,
interpersonal communications involving speech telephony have been provided
using telephones that are connected either to a public switched telephone
network Alternatively, by using a multimedia PC equipped with a microphone and
speakers, the user can take part in telephone calls through the PC.
Image only:
An alternative form of
interpersonal communications over a PSTN or an ISND is by the exchange of
electronic images of documents. This type of service is known as facsimile — or
simply fax. The two-fax machines communicate with each other to establish
operational parameters after which the sending machine starts to scan and
digitize each page of the document in turn.
Text only:
An example of
interpersonal communications involving just text is electronic mail (email).
The user terminal is normally
a PC, or a workstation
the most widespread network used is the Internet.
Text and
images:
An example of an
application that involves both text and images integrated together is
computer-supported cooperative working (CSCW). The network used is an
enterprise network, a LAN, or the Internet and the general scheme.
Speech and
video:
An
example application that uses speech and video integrated together is video
telephony, which is now supported by all the network types.
3)
Explain the architecture for Network based
multimedia services
Answer:
ARCHITECTURE FOR NETWORK BASED MULTIMEDIA
Voice
and video application deployments are booming. Organizations reporting the most
success with their voice and multimedia deployments possess two key
characteristics: They put sufficient resources into up-front network design,
and they pay careful attention to building monitoring and management
capabilities that enable them to proactively predict problem areas,
Two applications that characterize
multimedia networks are VoIP and video. Each requires particular consideration
when designing networks. Delivering a high level of voice quality in a VoIP
world depends mainly on three factors: latency, jitter and echo. Meeting all of
these challenges requires a network infrastructure that can reliably deliver
multimedia packets with a minimal amount of delay.
Video conferencing:
Video conferencing presents an even
larger challenge. Not only do you have to ensure that latency and jitter
concerns are met, but video bandwidth requirements range from 128 Kbps, for
simple desktop conferencing, up to 6 Mbps per screen for immersive
telepresence. A three-screen, two-room telepresence session could require up to
18 Mbps of available bandwidth per location. further complicating network
architecture plans because of the lack of predictability of bandwidth
requirements and traffic flows.
One-way video is more forgiving, since
the impact of jitter and latency can be masked by buffering at the receiving
end. Still, even streaming or surveillance video can require large amounts of
bandwidth, depending on desired quality.
Supporting video :
Fortunately, a number of
technologies and architectural approaches exist to enable network managers to
support video and VoIP on both the WAN and the LAN.
Part- B- Long Answer Question
Answer the following
question (1 X 10 = 10 Marks)
1) Explain the Basic Software
tools used in Multimedia.
BASIC SOFTWARE TOOLS :
A word processor is _usually the
first software tool computer users learn. From letters, invoices and
storyboards to project content, the word processor may also be our most often
used tools, as you design and build a multimedia project. The better our
keyboarding or typing skills, the easier and more efficient will be your
multimedia day-to-day life.Typically,
Text Editing and Word Processing Tools:
Word processors such as Microsoft
Word and Word Perfect are powerful applications that include spell checkers,
table formatters, thesauruses and pre built templates for letters,resumes,
purchase orders and other common documents. In many word processors, you can
actually embed multimedia elements such as sounds, images and video.
OCR Software:
Often you will have printed
matter and other text to incorporate into your project, but no electronic text
file. With optical character recognition (OCR) software, a flat-bed scanner and
your computer, you can save many hours of re keying printed words and get the
job done faster and more accurate than the roomful of typists.
Painting and Drawing Tools:
Painting and drawing tools, as
well as 3-D modelers, are perhaps the most important items in your toolkit
because, of all multimedia elements, the graphical impact of your project will
likely have the greatest influence on the end user. If your artwork is
amateurish or flat and uninteresting, both you and your users will be disappointed.
Painting software such as Photoshop, fireworks and painter is dedicated to
producing crafted bitmap images.
3-D Modeling and Animation Tools:
3-D modeling software has
increasingly entered the mainstream of graphic design as its ease of use
improves. As a result, the graphic production values and expectations for
multimedia project have risen. With 3-D modeling software, object rendered in
perspective appear more realistic.
Image-Editing Tools:
Image-editing applications are
specialized and powerful tools for enhancing and retouching existing bitmapped
images. These applications also provide many of the features and tools of
painting and drawing programs and can be used to create images from scratch as
well as images digitized from scanners, video frame-grabbers, digital cameras,
clip art files, or original artwork files created with painting or drawing
packages.
Sound Editing Tools:
Sound editing tools for both
digitized and MIDI sound let you see music as well as hear it. By drawing a
presentation of a sound in fine increments, whether a score or a waveform.
Animation, Video and Digital Movie Tools:
Animations and digital video
movies are sequences of bitmapped graphic scenes (frames), rapidly played back.
But animations can also be made within the authoring system by rapidly changing
the location of objects or sprites to generate an appearance of motion.
Helpful accessories:
No multimedia toolkit is complete
without a few indispensable utilities to perform some odd, but oft-repeated,
tasks. These are the comfortable and well-worn accessories that make your
computer life easier. On both the Macintosh and in Windows, a screen-grabber is
essential. Because bitmapped images are so common in multimedia, it is
important to have a tool for grabbing system or copy it into an image-editing
application.
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